Clean Architecture is a software design philosophy that emphasizes separation of concerns and independent modules to build maintainable, scalable applications. It was popularized by Robert C. Martin (Uncle Bob) and is widely used in modern development.
Core Principles 📜
- Dependency Rule: The core of Clean Architecture is the dependency rule — high-level modules should not depend on low-level modules. Both should depend on abstractions.
- Separation of Concerns: Divide the application into distinct layers (e.g., Entities, Use Cases, Data Mappers) to isolate business logic from infrastructure details.
- Testability: By decoupling components, you can unit test logic without relying on external systems like databases or APIs.
Example Structure 📁
src/
├── entities/ # Business logic and rules
├── use_cases/ # Application services
├── interfaces/ # Abstraction layer
│ ├── repositories/ # Interface for data access
│ └── controllers/ # Interface for external interactions
└── infrastructure/ # Implementation of interfaces (e.g., database, HTTP)
Benefits 🌟
- Easier maintenance due to modular design
- Improved testability with isolated components
- Flexibility to change infrastructure without modifying business logic
- Reusability of core modules across different projects
Further Reading 📚
For deeper insights into architecture patterns, check out our guide on Architecture Patterns.