Django Models Documentation

Django Models are the building blocks for your database in Django. They define the structure of your database tables and provide a way to interact with the data.

Overview

• Django ORM: Django uses an Object-Relational Mapping (ORM) system to interact with the database. This allows you to work with Python objects instead of raw SQL queries.
• Model Classes: Each model corresponds to a database table. You define a model by creating a Python class that inherits from django.db.models.Model.
• Fields: Each model has fields that define the columns of the table. Common fields include CharField, IntegerField, DateTimeField, and more.

Basic Usage

Here's a simple example of a Django model:

from django.db import models

class Article(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    author = models.ForeignKey('Author', on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    published_date = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
    content = models.TextField()

    def __str__(self):
        return self.title

Fields

Django provides a variety of field types to suit different data needs. Here are some common fields:

• CharField: For text fields with a fixed length.
• TextField: For text fields with an arbitrary length.
• IntegerField: For whole numbers.
• FloatField: For floating-point numbers.
• DateTimeField: For date and time data.

Relationships

Django supports various types of relationships between models, such as:

• One-to-One: A single instance of one model relates to a single instance of another model.
• One-to-Many: A single instance of one model can relate to multiple instances of another model.
• Many-to-Many: Multiple instances of one model can relate to multiple instances of another model.

For example, to create a one-to-many relationship between Article and Author, you can define it like this:

class Author(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=200)

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name

class Article(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    author = models.ForeignKey(Author, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    published_date = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
    content = models.TextField()

    def __str__(self):
        return self.title

Further Reading

For more detailed information on Django Models, please visit the Django Documentation.

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