Django 开发论坛

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Django 简介

Django 是一个高级的 Python Web 框架，它鼓励快速开发和干净、实用的设计。Django 让创建复杂、功能丰富的网站变得既简单又愉快。

安装 Django

在开始之前，您需要确保已经安装了 Python。然后，可以通过以下命令安装 Django：

pip install django

快速入门

以下是一个简单的 Django 项目示例：

# myproject/settings.py
"""
Django settings for myproject project.

For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/stable/topics/settings/
"""

import os

# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))

# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/stable/howto/deployment/checklist/

# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = 'your-secret-key'

# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True

# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'myapp',  # 添加您的应用
]

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]

ROOT_URLCONF = 'myproject.urls'

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')],
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'context_processors': [
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
            ],
        },
    },
]

WSGI_APPLICATION = 'myproject.wsgi.application'

# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/stable/ref/databases/

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
        'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'),
    }
}

# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/stable/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
    },
]

# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/stable/topics/i18n/

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'zh-hans'

TIME_ZONE = 'Asia/Shanghai'

USE_I18N = True

USE_L10N = True

USE_TZ = True

# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/stable/howto/static-files/

STATIC_URL = '/static/'

# Media files
MEDIA_URL = '/media/'
MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'media')

路由配置

在 myproject/urls.py 文件中配置路由：

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from myapp import views

urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    path('', views.home, name='home'),  # 主页视图
    # 其他路由配置...
]

模板

在 myapp/templates/myapp/index.html 文件中创建一个简单的模板：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh-hans">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>我的 Django 网站</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>欢迎来到我的 Django 网站</h1>
    <p>这里是网站的主页。</p>
</body>
</html>

运行服务器

在命令行中运行以下命令来启动开发服务器：

python manage.py runserver

现在，您可以通过浏览器访问 http://127.0.0.1:8000/ 来查看您的 Django 网站。

更多信息和教程，请访问 Django 官方文档。

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