Functional programming is a programming paradigm that emphasizes the use of pure functions and avoids changing state and mutable data. It has gained popularity due to its ability to handle complex applications in a more predictable and maintainable way.

Basic Concepts

  • Pure Functions: Functions that always produce the same output for the same input and have no side effects.
  • Immutability: Data is not changed after it is created.
  • Higher-Order Functions: Functions that take other functions as arguments or return functions as their result.
  • Recursion: A method of solving problems where the solution depends on solutions to smaller instances of the same problem.

Key Features

  • Encapsulation: Functions can encapsulate data and behavior, making it easier to manage and reuse.
  • Debugging: Due to the predictable nature of pure functions, debugging becomes easier.
  • Concurrency: Immutability makes it easier to reason about code when running in a concurrent environment.

Examples

Here is an example of a pure function in JavaScript:

function add(a, b) {
  return a + b;
}

Learn More

To delve deeper into functional programming, you can visit our Functional Programming Guide.

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