Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) Tutorial

Welcome to the tutorial on Object-Oriented Programming (OOP). OOP is a programming paradigm based on the concept of "objects", which can contain data in the form of fields (often known as attributes or properties) and code in the form of procedures (often known as methods).

Key Concepts of OOP

• Encapsulation: This principle states that the data (variables) and the methods that operate on the data should be bundled together into a single unit called a class.

• Inheritance: It allows a class to inherit properties and methods from another class. This promotes code reusability.

• Polymorphism: This allows objects of different classes to be treated as objects of a common superclass. It is the ability to perform a single action in different ways.

Example

Here is a simple example of a class in Python that demonstrates encapsulation:

class Dog:
    def __init__(self, name, age):
        self._name = name  # Private attribute
        self._age = age    # Private attribute

    def get_name(self):
        return self._name

    def get_age(self):
        return self._age

    def bark(self):
        return f"{self._name} says Woof!"

Further Reading

For a more in-depth understanding of OOP, we recommend checking out our comprehensive guide on OOP in Python.

Dog