C++ provides low-level memory control via new
/delete
and smart pointers to manage resources safely. Here's a breakdown:
🔑 Key Concepts
- Dynamic Memory Allocation: Use
new
to allocate memory at runtime,delete
to free it. - RAII (Resource Acquisition Is Initialization): Bind resource management to object lifetimes.
- Memory Leaks: Unfreed memory after
delete
is called. Avoid using raw pointers unless necessary.
🛠️ Smart Pointers
Pointer Type | Description | Example |
---|---|---|
unique_ptr |
Owns memory exclusively | std::unique_ptr<int> ptr(new int(10)); |
shared_ptr |
Shares ownership with multiple pointers | std::shared_ptr<int> ptr = std::make_shared<int>(20); |
weak_ptr |
Breaks cyclic references | std::weak_ptr<int> weak = ptr; |
⚠️ Best Practices
- Prefer smart pointers over raw pointers
- Use
delete
with caution to avoid dangling pointers - Always pair
new
withdelete
in matching scopes - Leverage
std::vector
orstd::array
for automatic memory management
For deeper insights into smart pointers, check our C++ Smart Pointers Tutorial. 🚀