The EPR paradox, named after its creators Einstein, Podolsky, and Rosen, is a fundamental concept in quantum mechanics that challenges the completeness of quantum mechanical descriptions. It highlights the apparent contradictions between quantum mechanics and classical intuition.
Key Points
Quantum Entanglement: The paradox is rooted in the phenomenon of quantum entanglement, where particles become correlated in such a way that the state of one particle instantly influences the state of another, regardless of the distance between them.
EPR Argument: Einstein, Podolsky, and Rosen argued that quantum mechanics is incomplete because it cannot account for the "hidden variables" that determine the properties of particles before they are measured.
Bell's Theorem: John Bell later developed a theorem that demonstrated the incompatibility of hidden variable theories with quantum mechanics. Experiments have confirmed the predictions of quantum mechanics over hidden variable theories.
The Paradox Explained
The EPR paradox can be summarized as follows:
- Quantum Superposition: In quantum mechanics, particles can exist in multiple states simultaneously.
- Entanglement: Two particles can become entangled, and the measurement of one particle instantly determines the state of the other.
- Completeness of Quantum Mechanics: The paradox challenges the completeness of quantum mechanics, suggesting that there might be hidden variables that determine the outcomes of measurements.
Image: Quantum Entanglement
Learn More
For further reading on the EPR paradox and its implications, you can explore the following resources: