Here are key Java coding standards and best practices to write clean, maintainable code:

1. Naming Conventions 📜

  • Use camelCase for variables/methods (e.g., userName)
  • Class names should be PascalCase (e.g., UserManager)
  • Constants are in UPPER_CASE (e.g., MAX_RETRIES)
  • Avoid single-letter names unless in loops (e.g., i, j)
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2. Code Structure 🧱

  • Keep methods short and focused (ideally ≤ 5 lines)
  • Use meaningful method names with clear parameters
  • Follow the Single Responsibility Principle
  • Prefer composition over inheritance where possible
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3. Error Handling ⚠️

  • Use try-with-resources for automatic resource management
  • Prefer checked exceptions for recoverable errors
  • Avoid empty catch blocks; log errors appropriately
  • Use specific exception types instead of generic Exception

4. Comments & Documentation 📖

  • Write concise comments explaining complex logic
  • Use Javadoc for public APIs
  • Avoid redundant comments (e.g., "increment i" for i++)
  • Keep docstrings up-to-date with code changes
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5. Testing 🧪

  • Write unit tests for all public methods
  • Use Mockito for mocking dependencies
  • Follow TDD (Test-Driven Development) principles
  • Keep tests isolated and repeatable

For more details on naming conventions, visit our Java Naming Conventions Guide. 🚀