SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) and TLS (Transport Layer Security) are cryptographic protocols designed to provide secure communication over a computer network. They ensure data privacy, integrity, and authentication between clients and servers. Below is a concise overview of key concepts and best practices:
🔑 Key Concepts
- SSL/TLS Handshake: Establishes a secure connection by negotiating encryption algorithms and exchanging keys.
- Certificates: Digital documents that verify the identity of a server (e.g.,
SSL_Certificate
). - Encryption: Protects data using symmetric/asymmetric algorithms (e.g., AES, RSA).
- Protocols: TLS 1.2, TLS 1.3, and older versions like SSL 3.0 (deprecated).
🧾 How to Obtain an SSL Certificate
- Choose a trusted Certificate Authority (CA) like Let's Encrypt or DigiCert.
- Generate a Certificate Signing Request (CSR) on your server.
- Validate domain ownership through DNS or file methods.
- Install the issued certificate on your server configuration.
⚙️ Configuration Best Practices
- Use
TLS_Protocol
with strong cipher suites (e.g.,TLSv1.3
). - Enable HTTP/2 or HTTP/3 for improved performance.
- Implement HSTS headers to enforce secure connections.
- Regularly update certificates and revoke compromised ones.
❓ Common Issues
- Certificate Errors: Check expiration dates or chain validity.
- Protocol Mismatch: Ensure client and server support compatible versions.
- Mixed Content: Avoid loading HTTP resources on HTTPS pages.
- Performance Bottlenecks: Optimize
encryption
settings for latency.
📚延伸阅读
For deeper insights, explore our security best practices or FAQ section.