Named Entity Recognition (NER) is a fundamental task in Natural Language Processing (NLP) that identifies and classifies entities in text into predefined categories such as Persons, Organizations, Locations, Dates, and Quantities. It plays a crucial role in applications like information extraction, chatbots, and data mining.
Key Applications of NER
- Information Extraction: Extract structured data from unstructured text (e.g., extracting company names from news articles).
- Question Answering: Helps identify key entities in questions and answers.
- Sentiment Analysis: Recognizes entities related to opinions or topics.
- Machine Translation: Improves translation accuracy by preserving entity context.
Common Techniques
- Rule-Based Approaches: Use predefined patterns and dictionaries.
- Machine Learning Models: Train classifiers (e.g., CRF, SVM) on annotated datasets.
- Deep Learning: Leverage models like BERT, LSTM, or Transformers for state-of-the-art performance.
Example:
For the sentence "Apple was founded by Steve Jobs in 1976 in Cupertino.", NER would identify:
- Apple → Organization
- Steve Jobs → Person
- Cupertino → Location
- 1976 → Date
Explore more about NLP fundamentals here.