Model-View-Controller (MVC) is an architectural pattern that separates an application into three interconnected components:
- Model: The data model, which represents the application data.
- View: The user interface, which displays the data.
- Controller: The logic that manages the communication between the model and the view.
This pattern is widely used in web development for better organization and maintainability of the codebase.
Key Benefits
- Separation of Concerns: Each component has a single responsibility, making the code more manageable.
- Reusability: Components can be reused across different parts of the application.
- Scalability: It’s easier to scale and maintain large applications with this pattern.
How it Works
Model
The model represents the data and the business logic of the application. It is responsible for:
- Data management: Retrieving, storing, and updating data.
- Validation: Ensuring that the data is correct and consistent.
View
The view is responsible for displaying the data to the user. It is typically implemented as a user interface (UI). The view can:
- Display data: Show the current state of the application.
- Update: Change when the data in the model changes.
Controller
The controller is responsible for managing the flow of data between the model and the view. It does the following:
- Handle user input: Process requests from the user and update the model accordingly.
- Update the view: Inform the view when the model changes.
Example
Here’s a simple example to illustrate the MVC pattern:
- Model: A class that represents a user, with methods to get and set user properties.
- View: A form that displays user information and allows the user to edit it.
- Controller: A class that handles form submissions, updates the model, and updates the view.
Further Reading
For more information on MVC, you can read the following resources:
