Kotlin and Java are both popular programming languages, but they have distinct differences. Here's a breakdown of their key contrasts:

1. Syntax & Readability

  • Kotlin uses a more concise syntax 📌
    • Example: val x = 5 (Kotlin) vs int x = 5; (Java)
  • Java requires explicit semicolons and type declarations ⚠️
    • Example: public class Example { ... } (Java) vs class Example { ... } (Kotlin)
code_syntax

2. Null Safety

  • Kotlin has null safety built-in 🛡️
    • String? indicates a nullable type (Java requires String with null checks)
  • Java lacks this feature, leading to potential NullPointerException errors 🚨
null_safety

3. Platform Support

  • Kotlin is fully compatible with Android 📱
    • Officially supported by Google for Android development
  • Java is also used for Android but requires Java 8+ for modern features 🔄
android_development

4. Performance

  • Kotlin runs at near-native speed with JVM optimizations ⚡️
  • Java has similar performance but may require more verbose code for certain tasks 📈
performance_comparison

5. Interoperability

  • Kotlin can interoperate with Java code seamlessly 🔄
    • Use @file:JvmName or @JvmOverloads for compatibility
  • Java is fully backward-compatible with older JVM versions 🔄
interoperability

For deeper insights, check our Kotlin官方文档 or Java教程.
Let me know if you'd like to explore specific use cases! 😊