🌐 Introduction

Go's concurrency model enables efficient parallel execution through goroutines and channels. Mastering these concepts is critical for building scalable systems. For deeper insights into concurrency patterns, visit /go_concurrency_patterns.

✅ Best Practices

1. Use goroutine Wisely

  • 🧠 Launch goroutines for independent tasks (e.g., HTTP requests, data processing)
  • ⚠️ Avoid creating excessive goroutines; use worker pools for resource management
  • 📌 Example: 
    go func() { /* async task */ }()
    Goroutine

2. Prioritize channel Communication

  • 📡 Use channels for safe data exchange between goroutines
  • 🔄 Implement buffered channels for better performance
  • 📌 Example: 
    ch := make(chan int, 10)

3. Prevent Data Races

  • 🔒 Always use sync.Mutex or atomic for shared state
  • 🧪 Run tests with -test.paniconexitstack=true to detect race conditions
  • 📌 Tools: race detector built into Go

4. Handle Context Cancellation

  • 🚫 Use context.Context to manage cancellation and deadlines
  • ⏱️ Example: 
    ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), time.Second*5)
defer cancel()

5. Leverage select for Multiplexing

  • 🔄 Use select with case statements for non-blocking channel operations
  • ⚡ Add default clause for fallback logic

🧪 Testing Concurrency

  • 📌 Use testing package's TestMain for parallel test execution
  • 📌 Example: 
    func TestMain(m *testing.M) {
    go func() { /* background task */ }()
    m.Run()
}

📚 Resources

Channel
Sync