Welcome to the Python beginner tutorial! Whether you're new to programming or looking to expand your skills, this guide will help you get started with Python.

基础知识

Before diving into Python, it's important to understand some basic concepts:

  • 变量: Variables are used to store data values. For example, x = 5 assigns the value 5 to the variable x.
  • 数据类型: Python has several built-in data types, such as integers, floats, strings, and booleans.
  • 运算符: Python supports various operators, including arithmetic, comparison, and logical operators.

安装 Python

To start coding in Python, you need to install the Python interpreter. You can download it from the official Python website.

Hello World

The "Hello World" program is a classic way to get started with any programming language. Here's how you can write it in Python:

print("Hello, World!")

控制流

Python uses control flow statements to execute code conditionally and repeatedly.

  • 条件语句: You can use if, elif, and else to execute different blocks of code based on conditions.
  • 循环语句: for and while loops allow you to repeat code multiple times.

函数

Functions are blocks of code that perform a specific task. They can be defined using the def keyword.

def greet(name):
    print(f"Hello, {name}!")

greet("Alice")

数据结构

Python provides several built-in data structures to store and manipulate data.

  • 列表: Lists are ordered collections of items.
  • 元组: Tuples are similar to lists but are immutable.
  • 字典: Dictionaries are key-value pairs.
  • 集合: Sets are unordered collections of unique items.

面向对象编程

Python supports object-oriented programming (OOP), which allows you to create classes and objects.

class Dog:
    def __init__(self, name, age):
        self.name = name
        self.age = age

    def bark(self):
        print(f"{self.name} says: Woof!")

my_dog = Dog("Buddy", 5)
my_dog.bark()

扩展阅读

To learn more about Python, check out the following resources:

Python