🎯 A foundational paradigm in software development that organizes code around objects and classes rather than logic and functions.

Core Principles

  1. Encapsulation 🔒

    • Bundles data and methods that operate on the data within a single unit (class).
    • Hides internal state and restricts direct access to an object's components.
    Encapsulation Concept
  2. Inheritance 🧱

    • Enables new classes to derive properties and behaviors from existing ones.
    • Promotes code reuse and hierarchical relationships.
    Inheritance Diagram
  3. Polymorphism 🔄

    • Allows objects of different classes to be treated as objects of a common superclass.
    • Implements method overriding and overloading for flexible functionality.
    Polymorphism Example
  4. Abstraction 📦

    • Simplifies complex systems by modeling entities at a high level.
    • Focuses on essential features while hiding unnecessary details.

Practical Applications

  • Used in Python, Java, C++, and other languages.
  • Common in GUI frameworks, game development, and enterprise software.

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