🎯 A foundational paradigm in software development that organizes code around objects and classes rather than logic and functions.
Core Principles
Encapsulation 🔒
- Bundles data and methods that operate on the data within a single unit (class).
- Hides internal state and restricts direct access to an object's components.
Inheritance 🧱
- Enables new classes to derive properties and behaviors from existing ones.
- Promotes code reuse and hierarchical relationships.
Polymorphism 🔄
- Allows objects of different classes to be treated as objects of a common superclass.
- Implements method overriding and overloading for flexible functionality.
Abstraction 📦
- Simplifies complex systems by modeling entities at a high level.
- Focuses on essential features while hiding unnecessary details.
Practical Applications
- Used in Python, Java, C++, and other languages.
- Common in GUI frameworks, game development, and enterprise software.
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