Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)

Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) is a programming paradigm based on the concept of "objects", which can contain data in the form of fields (often known as attributes or properties) and code in the form of procedures (often known as methods).

Key Concepts

• Encapsulation: Hiding the internal state of an object and requiring all interaction to be performed through an object's methods.
• Inheritance: The ability to create new classes that are built upon existing classes.
• Polymorphism: The ability to use a child class object where a parent class object is expected.
• Abstraction: The concept of hiding complex implementation details and showing only the functionality of the object.

Benefits of OOP

• Modularity: Makes code more manageable and easier to maintain.
• Reusability: Code can be reused across different projects.
• Scalability: Easier to scale applications as they grow.

Example

Here is a simple example of a class in Python that demonstrates OOP principles:

class Dog:
    def __init__(self, name, age):
        self.name = name
        self.age = age

    def bark(self):
        return f"{self.name} says Woof!"

dog = Dog("Buddy", 5)
print(dog.bark())

Further Reading

For more information on OOP, you can check out our Introduction to OOP.

Dog