Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) are a class of neural networks designed to handle sequential data, such as text, time series, or speech. Unlike traditional feedforward networks, RNNs have loops allowing information to persist across time steps.

📌 Key Features of RNNs

  • Temporal Dependency: Process data in sequences, maintaining memory of previous inputs.
  • Variable Length Input/Output: Handles tasks with dynamic input sizes (e.g., sentences of different lengths).
  • Applications: Used in natural language processing, machine translation, and speech recognition.

🧩 RNN Architecture

The basic RNN cell consists of:

  1. Input Gate: Controls information flow into the cell.
  2. Hidden State: Stores context from previous steps.
  3. Output Gate: Determines what information to output.

⚠️ Note: RNNs can suffer from vanishing gradient issues, leading to the development of advanced variants like LSTM and GRU.

📚 Advanced RNN Variants

  • Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM):
    LSTM
  • Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU): Simplified version of LSTM with fewer parameters.
  • Bidirectional RNN: Processes data in both forward and backward directions.

📝 Example Use Cases

  • Text Generation:
    Text Generation
  • Chatbots: Understanding context in conversation sequences.
  • Time Series Forecasting: Predicting future values based on historical data.

For deeper exploration, check our guide on Sequence-to-Sequence models to see how RNNs are extended for complex tasks!