Data preprocessing is a critical step in the machine learning pipeline. It ensures data quality and prepares datasets for effective modeling. Here are key techniques:
1. Data Cleaning 🧹
- Remove duplicates: Use
drop_duplicates()
in pandas. - Handle missing values: Impute with mean/median or remove rows/columns.
- Correct inconsistencies: Standardize formats (e.g., "New York" → "New_York").
2. Feature Engineering 🛠️
- Create new features: Derive insights from existing data (e.g., "age_group" from numerical age).
- Encode categorical variables: Use one-hot encoding or label encoding.
- Normalize/Standardize: Scale features to a common range or distribution.
3. Data Splitting 📊
- Split data into training, validation, and test sets (e.g., 70-15-15 ratio).
- Use libraries like
scikit-learn
for stratified splitting. - Always validate your split strategy with
/feature-validation-methods
.
4. Outlier Detection 🔍
- Identify outliers using Z-score, IQR, or visualization tools.
- Decide to remove, cap, or transform them based on domain knowledge.
For deeper exploration, check our guide on data standardization. Let me know if you need examples in code!