C 基础教程

Welcome to the C Basic Tutorial! In this section, we will cover the fundamental concepts of the C programming language. Whether you are a beginner or looking to refresh your knowledge, this guide will help you get started on your journey to becoming a proficient C programmer.

Introduction to C
Basic Syntax
Variables and Data Types
Control Structures
Functions
Arrays and Pointers
More Advanced Topics

Introduction to C

C is a high-level programming language that was developed in the early 1970s by Dennis Ritchie at Bell Labs. It is known for its efficiency and portability, making it a popular choice for systems programming, embedded systems, and other performance-critical applications.

C is a procedural programming language, which means that it focuses on procedures or functions that operate on data. It provides a rich set of built-in data types and operators, and it allows for low-level memory manipulation.

Basic Syntax

C has a straightforward syntax that is easy to learn. Here is an example of a simple C program that prints "Hello, World!" to the console.

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
    printf("Hello, World!\n");
    return 0;
}

In this example, #include <stdio.h> is a preprocessor directive that includes the standard input/output library, which is necessary for the printf function. The main function is the entry point of the program, and printf is used to print text to the console.

Learn more about C syntax

Variables and Data Types

In C, variables are used to store data. Each variable has a data type that determines the kind of data it can hold. Common data types in C include int, float, double, and char.

int age = 25;
float pi = 3.14159;
char grade = 'A';

Explore different data types in C

Control Structures

Control structures in C are used to control the flow of execution based on certain conditions. The most common control structures are if, else, while, for, and switch.

if (age > 18) {
    printf("You are an adult.\n");
} else {
    printf("You are not an adult.\n");
}

Learn more about control structures in C

Functions

Functions are blocks of code that perform a specific task. They can be defined by the user or provided by the standard library. Functions are a fundamental part of C and are used to organize code and improve readability.

void greet() {
    printf("Hello, World!\n");
}

int main() {
    greet();
    return 0;
}

Explore the world of functions in C

Arrays and Pointers

Arrays are collections of elements of the same data type, while pointers are variables that store the memory address of another variable. Both arrays and pointers are powerful tools in C that allow for more complex data manipulation.

int numbers[5] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
int *ptr = &numbers[0];

Learn more about arrays and pointers in C