Sumo is a traditional Japanese sport that dates back over a thousand years. It is a sport that requires immense strength, skill, and discipline. Below, we'll explore the basics of sumo, including its history, rules, and the roles of the rikishi (sumo wrestlers).
History
Sumo originated in ancient Japan and was first mentioned in the "Nihon Shoki," a historical record written in the 8th century. Initially, it was a ritual performed to invoke the gods and ensure a good harvest. Over time, it evolved into a competitive sport.
Rules
- Rikishi: Sumo wrestlers are called rikishi. They are required to weigh over 130 pounds (59 kg) and must have a minimum height of 5 feet 3 inches (160 cm).
- Mawashi: Rikishi wear a loincloth called a mawashi. The mawashi is a symbol of modesty and respect.
- Dohyo: The ring is called a dohyo. It is a circular sand-covered platform, measuring 15.5 meters in diameter.
- Kokoro: The center of the dohyo is marked by a red cloth called kokoro. It is where the match begins.
- Shikiri: The wrestlers start from the edge of the dohyo and attempt to push their opponent out or make them fall.
- Winning: A rikishi can win the match by pushing the opponent out of the ring, throwing them out, or making them touch the ground with any part of their body other than the soles of their feet.
Roles
- Yokozuna: The highest rank in sumo, only four yokozuna exist at a time.
- Makuuchi: The top division of sumo, consisting of the yokozuna, ozeki, and sekiwake.
- Sanyaku: The second division, including the juryo ranks.
- Maegashira: The third division, with rikishi ranked from 1 to 6.
Interesting Fact
Did you know that sumo wrestlers undergo a special diet and training regimen to prepare for their matches? They often consume large amounts of rice and soy products to build strength.
For more information on sumo, check out our Sumo History page.