Concurrency Programming Guide in Python
This guide provides an overview of concurrency programming in Python. Concurrency in programming refers to the ability of a computer to perform multiple tasks at the same time. Python offers several modules and libraries to help developers implement concurrency.
What is Concurrency?
Concurrency allows the execution of multiple instructions at the same time. In Python, this can be achieved through various mechanisms such as threads, processes, and asynchronous programming.
Concurrency Mechanisms in Python
1. Threads
Python provides the threading
module, which allows the creation and management of threads. Threads are light-weight processes that share the same memory space.
- Example:
threading.Thread(target=target_function, args=arg_list).start()
2. Multiprocessing
For CPU-bound tasks, multiprocessing can be used. The multiprocessing
module allows the creation of processes, which are separate from the main program and have their own memory space.
- Example:
from multiprocessing import Process
p = Process(target=target_function, args=arg_list)
p.start()
3. Asynchronous Programming
Asynchronous programming is a programming paradigm where the flow of control is not continuous. Instead, the program executes multiple functions concurrently and can handle I/O-bound tasks efficiently.
- Example:
async def target_function()
await some_async_function()
Best Practices for Concurrency in Python
- Use
threading
for I/O-bound tasks. - Use
multiprocessing
for CPU-bound tasks. - Use asynchronous programming for high-level I/O operations.