Polkadot is a sharded multichain system that aims to connect different blockchains into one unified network. It enables cross-chain interoperability, allowing for a more efficient and scalable ecosystem. Below is an overview of the architecture of Polkadot.
Key Components
- Parachains: These are independent blockchains that run on top of the Polkadot relay chain. Each parachain has its own consensus mechanism and governance model.
- Relay Chain: The relay chain is the main chain that connects all the parachains. It ensures interoperability and security across the entire Polkadot network.
- Parathreads: Parathreads are a more efficient way of adding additional parachains to the Polkadot network without the need for a dedicated slot.
- Collective: The collective is a group of validators who govern the Polkadot network. They make decisions on important matters such as slot assignments and security upgrades.
How It Works
- Parachains connect to the relay chain using a process called collation.
- Collators collect transactions from the parachain and send them to the relay chain for finality.
- The relay chain then validates these transactions and includes them in the blockchain.
- The collective maintains the security and integrity of the network.
Benefits
- Interoperability: Polkadot enables different blockchains to communicate and work together seamlessly.
- Scalability: By using a sharded architecture, Polkadot can handle a large number of transactions without compromising on security.
- Security: The relay chain provides a secure and decentralized environment for all parachains.
Learn More
For a deeper understanding of Polkadot's architecture, we recommend reading the official documentation.
Polkadot Architecture Diagram