Quantum theory is a fundamental theory in physics that describes nature at the smallest scales of energy levels of atoms and subatomic particles. It revolutionized our understanding of the universe and laid the groundwork for many modern technologies.
Basic Principles
- Wave-Particle Duality: Particles, such as electrons, can exhibit both wave-like and particle-like properties.
- Uncertainty Principle: It is impossible to simultaneously know both the exact position and exact velocity of a particle.
- Quantum Superposition: A quantum system can exist in multiple states at the same time until it is observed.
Key Concepts
- Quantum Entanglement: Two particles can become linked, and the state of one particle can instantly affect the state of the other, regardless of the distance between them.
- Quantum Tunneling: Particles can pass through barriers that would be insurmountable in classical physics.
Applications
Quantum theory has led to the development of various technologies, including:
- Quantum Computing: A type of computing that uses quantum bits or qubits to perform calculations.
- Quantum Cryptography: A method of secure communication that uses the principles of quantum mechanics.
- MRI Machines: Magnetic Resonance Imaging machines use quantum principles to create detailed images of the body.
Quantum Entanglement
For more information on quantum theory and its applications, check out our Quantum Physics section.