What is OOP?
Object-Oriented Programming is a programming paradigm based on the concept of objects. These objects contain data (attributes) and code (methods) that operate on the data.
Core Concepts
- Classes: Blueprints for creating objects.
- Objects: Instances of classes.
- Inheritance: Allows new classes to inherit properties from existing ones.
- Polymorphism: Enables objects to take many forms.
- Encapsulation: Bundles data and methods within a class.
Example in Python
class Animal:
def __init__(self, name):
self.name = name
def speak(self):
return "Unknown sound"
class Dog(Animal):
def speak(self):
return "Woof!"
Best Practices
- Use single responsibility principle for classes.
- Favor composition over inheritance when possible.
- Explore advanced OOP concepts here: /course-center/languages/en/docs/tutorials/advanced_oop_concepts
Key Benefits
- Modular code structure
- Reusability through inheritance
- Maintainability with encapsulation
- Flexibility via polymorphism